20 This glossary is for all the students in Desktop Publishing and Hypermedia. terms
My glossary is about graphic design, desktop publishing, web and photography.
aperture
noun
Aperture is the opening through which light passes through the lens to enter the camera. Its size can be modified to control how much light reaches the sensor or negative film. The diameter of the aperture, also known as the F-stop, affects the exposure and depth of field.
Example: The maximum aperture of a lens is so important that it’s included in the name of the lens itself.
en: ouverture
binding
noun
A strong covering holding the pages of a book together.
en: reliure
bleed
noun
A bleed is essentially the visual content that runs over the trim edge, or the intended cut line on the printed stock sheet. Once the stock sheet is printed on, the trim line is cut and the bleed is removed.
en: fond-perdu
brand book
noun
A brand book can also be called a brand bible, a brand style guide or a brand guide, among other similar terms. Essentially, it's the document that sets distinct guidelines for maintaining brand identity across all aspects of the business.
en: guide de normes
brand Identity
noun
The visual version of a brand. The brand identity is made up of everything that relates to the brand—logos, typefaces, colour palettes, slogans, tone of voice, website, packaging and other marketing material.
en: identité visuelle
breadcrumbs trail
noun
On a Web site, a breadcrumb trail is a navigation tool that allows a user to see where the current page is in relation to the Web site's hierarchy. The term breadcrumb trail comes from the story of Hansel and Gretel, who left a trail of breadcrumbs as they walked through the forest so they could trace their way back home.
en: fil d'Ariane
crop marks
noun
Also known as trim marks, crop marks are specific marks (they kind of look like two lines crossing with a target) that indicate to a printer where the paper should be trimmed. They’re essential when designing for print and make it much easier to communicate with the printers.
Example: Create crop marks around an object.
en: traits de coupe
exposure
noun
Exposure is the amount of light that reaches the camera sensor and it determines how light or dark an image is. The exposure of an image is determined by the aperture, shutter speed, and ISO.
en: exposition
gradient
noun
Sometimes specifically called a colour gradient, gradients are a gradual change of colour or shade—for instance a red slowly fading into an orange—or a colour gradually fading into transparency. There are two types of gradients, axial/linear or radial, and both show the range of different shades and hues.
en: dégradé
grid
noun
A grid is a series of intersecting vertical, horizontal, angular or curved lines used to organize graphic elements on a page, as well as in relation to one another.
en: Grille
gutter
noun
The space between columns of text on a page.
en: gouttière
kerning
noun
The spacing between letters or characters in a piece of text to be printed.
Example: I am very concerned about the kerning as it just looks awkward.
en: crénage
landscape
noun
Page orientation, the width is greater than the height and so often referred to as wide.
en: paysage
layout
noun
Graphic design layout refers to the way in which we arrange the elements on a page which makes up the content of a design.
Example: She designed the page layout for the new magazine.
en: disposition
mock-up
noun
A mock-up is a real or digital model used to test early design ideas and see how they could look in the real world.
en: maquette
pixelate
verb
Divide (an image) into pixels, typically for display or storage in a digital format.
en: pixéliser
scale
noun
Scale is the size of one object in relation to the other objects in a design or artwork. Proportion refers to the size of the parts of an object in relationship to other parts of the same object.
Example: Throughout the centuries, designers have used scale and proportion to depict or distract from the ideal.
en: échelle
shutter speed
Noun
Shutter speed is the length of time a camera sensor is exposed to light when taking a photo. Slow shutter speeds capture the blur of subjects in motion, making it highly valuable for night and landscape photographers. On the other hand high speeds allow photographers to freeze a single millisecond in time, which is usually an absolute must in fields such as sport and pet photography.
en: vitesse d’obturation
thumbnail sketch
noun
When conceptualizing, a designer will often create small, rough drawing, thumbnail sketches to explore many ideas.
en: croquis
underexposure
noun
Underexposure means that the exposure value was lower than necessary, resulting in a photo that is too dark to produce normal contrast.
